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This has already been implemented in daily clinical practice with next generation sequencing (NGS), which includes several methods of high-throughput nucleotide sequencing. The review focused mainly on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), which is a common measure of MRD based on tumor-specific genomic alterations. They added that the ability to de-escalate treatment in MRD-negative patients could also have a significant impact on patients by decreasing costs for the individual patient and payers, reducing treatment-related side effects, and improving quality of life without impacting survival.ĭetecting MRD in solid tumor cancers has proven more challenging than in hematological disease, but liquid biopsy might present a solution if a standard method can be ironed out, the authors suggested. Treatment intensification in MRD-positive patients has the potential to improve disease-free survival and overall survival if MRD is efficiently treated,” the authors wrote. “After completion of standard therapy with curative intent, treatment could theoretically be adapted based on liquid biopsy results. In blood cancers, MRD can be used to evaluate treatment efficacy and predict relapse in solid tumor cancers, it can help identify whether a patient is at high or low risk of relapse. If these cells remain in the body, they can cause local or metastatic relapse.
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MRD refers to the presence of residual cancer cells in the body during or after treatment, even after tumors become undetectable in imaging or clinical exams.
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A review published in Cancers discussed the impact MRD detection may have on cancer patient management and the various methodologies used to detect MRD though liquid biopsy in solid tumor cancers. Recent research has focused on the most reliable ways to detect MRD in non-hematological cancers, including the potential of accurate, minimally invasive liquid biopsies for solid tumors. Minimal residual disease (MRD) is a known indicator of possible short- or long-term relapse in patients with hematological cancers and solid tumors.